Cocking mechanism for shotguns



July l5, 1952 M. PAULVE 2,603,021

COOKING MECHANISM FOR SHOT GUNS July 15, 1952 M. PAuLvE COOKINGMECHANISM FOR SHOT GUNS 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Aug. 20, 1946 liz@ zJzzwlo ,Pa/w U C July 15, 1952 M. PAULVE COOKING MECHANISM FOR SHOT GUNS5 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed Aug. 20, 1946 Zn/U zmbof Patented July l5, 1952irs y 2,603,021 Y Cocxmo Meenemen/r iron sao'ronNs VAlznplication August20, 1946,r Serial No. 691,755 In France August 31, 1945 Claims.

1 This invention relates to sporting guns or rifles and moreparticularly contemplates the manufacture on an industrial scale of agun or vrifle which has heretofore been manufactured `*by empiricalmeans by skilled craftsmen. Thus the barrels have been assembled bybrazing or with tin solder. The same is true as regards the manufactureof the mechanism, in which gen ometrically shaped pieces and springblades necessitate le finishing work.

lThe improvements forming the subject amat ter of the present inventionprovide for manufacture by means of a minimum of series producedmechanical parts, the assembly of which is simple and speedy, associatedwith simple coil springs in reduced numbers. Y

"The present invention consists in a sporting gun or rifle of the kindcomprising a frame and two barrels hinged thereto, having two slidinghammers, each of whichvare cocked by a spring compressed by the breakingand closing of the gun, and which are held in cocked position by sears.The front end of each hammer co-operates with an appertaining cookingcam pivotally mounted in a block which in turn is pivotally mounted onthe rocking axis of the barrels and is rocked by the rocking of thebarrels upon the opening and closing of the gun.

'The cocking cams are pivotally mounted, within a single recess in thesaid block, on a hinged pin located parallel to the pivotal axis of theblock. Each cam has an upper and a lower bevel, adapted to selectivelyengage a bevelled surface within the recess, whereby each oi said camsmay selectively occupyrone of two positions according to the engagementof either of said two ybevels thereon. When vone of the bevels engagesthe `surface within the said recess, in one of said positions, on theopening oi the gun, each cam projects insuciently beyond the edge kofthe block to move its appertaining hammer intoi'engagement with itssear. Upon the closing ofthe gun, each cam is rocked into a secondposition, vduring the course of whichxmovement it is projectedsufficiently far to .cock its hammer 'by iengagement with its sear. i

Hooks having circular recesses therein are vprovided on the two barrels,respectively, the said frame having two recesses disposed longitudinallyof theframe and having disposed therein, about the rocking axis of thebarrels, bushes which are adapted to be receivedin the circular recessesin the said hooks. The said bushes may be removable for the purpose ofreplacement.

The gun or rie according to the invention is taining ejector.

, 2 f i provided with cartridge ejectors adapted for slid'- vingmovementin relation to the barrels,` and movements transmitting leversforcontrolling the said ejectors, the said levers being mounted to rockWithin vthe bl'ock about the pivotal axis of the said cams. There isalso provided a fixed ele-'- ment mounted in the said block, againstwhich element the movement transmitting levers, towards the end of therocking'movement upon the opening of the gun, are adapted to bear so asto be slightly rocked about their axis for the purpose of advancing thecartridge ejectors to a certain extent sufcient to permit of extractionby handr of loaded or empty cartridge cases when located in the barrels.

The end ofk each transmitting lever opposite the end co-operating withits cartridgeejector is caused upon the opening of the gun to assume aposition which is such that, when the appertaining cooking cam has lbeenrocked to move back its associated hammer withv compression of the.hammer cooking spring and has moved past its .furtherest .projectedposition so that expansion of the said spring returns the said ham mersuddenly forward, the forward end of said hammer impinges violentlyagainst the said lever vfor automatic ejection of the cartridge.

The forward end of each hammer` carries a roller pivotally securedtheretorand adapted to cooperate with its respective cooking cam foractuation thereby, and the forward end of each hammer is furnished withva sloping portion adapted to co-operate with its associatedv movementtransmitting lever for actuation of its apper- The block is provided onits lower side With an abutment adapted, when the gun is opened,v tobear ,against a Abearing surface on the frame of the gun forthe purposeof limiting the extent to which the barrels can be rocked..

Each hammer cooking spring is housed within an axial recess inVitsrhammer and bears against the Vframe of the gun with its free end.

lacoaai Fig. 1 is a longitudinal vertical section of the mechanism ofthe gun, one hammer being shown in uncooked position;

Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the frame of the gun and appended parts;

Fig. 3 is a perspective View of the barrel assembly rotated through 180from its position shown in Fig. l;

Fig. 4 is an enlarged fragmentary longitudinal vertical section of theframe, showing the position of the parts when the gun has been openedfully;

Fig. 5 is a View similar to Figfi, showing the parts when one hammer iscocked and the gun is open;

Fig. 6 is a partial plan and horizontal section through the frame ofFig. 2.

The gun comprises a frame I to which is secured the stock. On ahinge-pin 2 of said frame, there is pivotally mounted a pair of barrels3. A fore-part 4 which serves to hold the latches 3 of the barrels 3 inengagement with the hinge-pin 2 is itself held by a latch 6 against anassembly member 5 of said barrels 3. The latched condition of latch 6 ismaintained by the action of a spring 1.

' The above-described parts makes it possible to omit the hook which, inother types of guns, is usually soldered to the barrel in order to holdthe fore-part.

Centrally the forward part of the frame I has a mortise Ia. A block 8disposed in said mortise Ia is journaled onthe hinge-pin 2 mounted inthe frame I. This block 8 controls the mechanism as a whole. It has aprojection 8a which fits in a slot 4 formed in the fore-part 4. Theopening of the gun rocks the block 8 about the pin 2. The block 8 has anabutment y8 which limits the breakdown of the gun.

A pair of horizontal slots 9 formed in the frame receive the two hammers9, respectively, which are slidable horizontally. Said hammers 9 effectpercussion of the cartridges and ejection of the cartridge cases, movedforwardly by the action of their springs I8. held cocked by their searsI I, respectively, which are latched in the hammer catches 9a by thesprings I2.

At the right-hand side of Fig. 1 there is shown one trigger I3 whichWhen actuated by linger pressure rocks its corresponding sear II whichreleases its hammer 9 which under the action of its spring I0, when thegun is closed, impinges against a cartridge placed in a barrel 3.

Two cams I4 are housed in a recess 8b formed in the block 8 withparallel plane sides and a rear plane surface 8c at an acute angle tothe longitudinal axis of the block 8. Cams I4 actuate the hammers 9,respectively, through rollers I5 pivotally carried at the forward endsof the hammers 9, respectively.

Two transmitting movement levers I6 operating the extractors I8 arepivoted about the same axis as their cams I4, cams I4 and levers I6being mounted on a hinge-pin I1 carried by the block 8 in its recess 8c,and parallel with the hinge-pin 2. It should be noted that each cam I4is provided on its lower forward end with an upper bevel I4a and a lowerbevel I4b shown in dotted lines in Figs. 1, 4 and 5, so that each cam isadapted to bear selectively through either bevel I4a or bevel I4bagainst the rear plane surface 8 of the recess 8b housing the cams I4 inthe block 8.

A cam I9 is mounted in the recess 8b of the vblock 8 for a purposehereinafter described.

The hammers 9 areA The frame I has three recesses A, B and C (Fg. 2).The recess A which is the central mortise ISL receives the block 8 andthe parts carried thereby (that is the pair of movable cams I4, the pairof movement transmitting levers I6 and the xed camIS) The two siderecesses B and C receive the barrel latches 3', respectively.

When the gun is opened, each cam I4 pushes back its hammer 9 through itsroller I5. The cam I4 pushes its hammer 9 back as far as the point atwhich the cam I4 passes a line parallel with the line of movement of thehammer 9 and crosses the horizontal axis of the roller I5. In suchposition of the cam I4, the travel of hammer 9 is not long enough forthe hammer 9 to engage its catch 9a on its sear I I. As soon as the tipof the cam I4 ,has crossed the said yaxis of roller I5, said cam I4 isrocked upwardly (Fig. 4) and the end of hammer 9 returning forwardlyimpinges against its movement transmitting lever lI 6 which is mountedin the recess 8b of the block 8 parallel with cams I4 and journaled onthe hinge-pin I1. Movement transmitting lever I6 then transmits to itscartridge extractor I8 the momentum. of the hammer 9 and causes ejectionof the cartridge case (Fig. 4).

When the gun is being closed, the cam I4, which in its raised positionillustrated in Fig. 4 bears through its upper bevel I4a against-l thesurface `8c of the recess 8b in the block 8 that encloses same, urgeswhile said closing movement is being executedits hammer 9 back through asufcient distance in order that its sear I I may engage the hammer 9through its catch 9a provided for this purpose (Fig. 5). As the tip ofthe cam I4 crosses the horizontal axis of its roller I5, the cam I4rocks downwardly (Fig. 5), leaving its hammer 9 engaged by its sear IIin readiness for the firing of the freshly chambered cartridge.

It is obvious therefore that each cam I4 acts upon its hammer 9y to camthe same, in the opening movement of the gun, the displacement of hammer9, however, being not sufcient to engage the hammer 9 with its sear I I,whereas the camming displacement, in the closing movement, does causesuch engagement because the tip of the cam I4 moves toward and away fromthe axis of the hinge-pin 2 during the opening and the closing of thegun, respectively, by reason of its angular shifting. This isillustrated in Figs. 4 and 5 by radial broken lines Rand r,respectively. It will be seen, Fig. 4, that line R indicating thedistance from the axis of the hinge-pin 2 to the tip of the cam I4 whenin its position during the closing movement is greater than line r (Fig.l5') indicating the distance from the axis of the hinge-pin 2 to the tipof the cam I4 when in its position during the opening. It will be noted(Figs. 1, 4 and 5) that the tip of the cam lI4 is always positionedbelow a line drawn through the axis of the hinge-pin 2 and the axis ofthe hingepinr I1, indicated in Figs. 4 and 5 by the broken line L. i

If the gun is opened without. the release of one of the hammers 9 havingbeen initiated,v its cam lI4 remains in its loweredposition so that itstip travels onian-arc such that the cam I4 does not contact its; rollerI5 by reason Vof said cam `I4 -engaging'the surface l8c of the recess 8bby its lowerbevelf'l`4b. C'onsequently,-said cam I4 does notmove itshammer 9. Movement transmitting levers YIii-are rocked byithe xed cam I9(Fig. 5)

and push out the cartridge extractors I8 a sui,- iieient amount toenable the cartridges to be extracted by hand. Said cam vI9 is housed intherecess!!b of the block --onrthe hinge-pin-Z. It'fis heldfast bya'projection I9 on its lower portion and retained inra grooveformed inthe framel.

Closure of the gun is ensured byasingle latch member 20-mountedonvthe'fram-e l, lmovable horizontally by the angular displacementof a keymember 2l; and held in latched condition by a spring-22. Said spring 22is contained in Aa recess formed in the shankportion of the frame I.Said latch 2D, guided'by a pairofv lateral slideways, movesto engagetherupper face-ofthe end ofy the extension of the barrels 3'.

The barrel latches 3 in recesses Band C are rotatable on bushing 2a,respectivelyin which extends the hinge-pin 2.- Said bushing'sf may bereplaced when required-so as to permit of taking up any amount of wearcausing play. 'Q I claim:

1.1In an upward-tiltingbreech double bar"- relled gun, the combinationof a centrally -mortisedframe; two hammers adapted to slidelongitudinally in said central mortise; springs urg-ing said hammersforwardly; a barrel member mounted on a pivotal axis on theframe; ablock movable with the barrel member, pivoted lon said axis, facing thehammers and provided with afcerntral flat recess bounded by parallelside planes and a rear Aplane surface atan acute angler to thelongitudinal axis of said block,A said recess openingtowardsthe hammers;a pivot inside said recess perpendicular to said parallel side planes; acam rockably secured to said pivot in front of each hammer and having adoublebevelled inner end, the tip of which cam lies underneath the lineconnecting said pivotal axis of the barrel member with said pivot, thecam being adapted to be shifted through cooperation with the end of thecooperating hammer between a lower position for which it engages throughits lower bevel the angular rear surface of the recess andan upperposition for which its upper bevel engages said angular rear surface,the engagement between the cam Yand the cooperating end of thecorresponding hammer constraining the latter to move rearwardlythroughia certain length through the downwardly positioned cam uponopening of the. gun and through a greater length through the upwardlypositioned cam when'the gun is being closed; a sear adapted to engagethe hammer for holding itin its r'earmost position produced by the camduring the closing of the gun; and means for releasing said sear tocause the operative movement of the hammer.

2. In an upward tilting breech double barrelled gun, the combination ofa centrally mortised frame; two hammers adapted to slide longitudinallyin said central mortise; springs urging said hammers forwardly; a barrelmember mounted on a pivotal axis on the frame; a block movable with thebarrel member, pivoted on said axis, facing the hammers and providedwith a central at recess bounded by parallel side planes and a rearplane surface at an acute angle to the longitudinal axis of said block,said recess opening towards the hammers, a pivot inside said recessperpendicular to said parallel side planes; a cam rockably secured tosaid pivot in front of each hammer and having a double-bevelled innerend, the tip of which cam lies underneath the line connecting saidpivotal axis of the barrel member with said pivot, the cam being adaptedto be shifted through cooperation with the end of the cooperating hammerbetween a lower position for, which it..engages'through its lowervvbevel the angular rear surface ofthe recess. and-an upperposition vfor'lwhich itsvupper bevel engages said `angularrear surface, theengagement'between the camV and the `cooperatingend roffthecooperating-hammer constraining` the latter :to move rearwardly throughLa certain .length through the -downwardly positioned camcupon openingof the gun and through a `greater length through the upwardly positionedcam when fthe gun-is being closed; va fsear-a'daptedto engagethefhammerlfor holding it in itsrearmostv position vproduced bythe f camvduring: the closing of the gun; means for releasing Saidsear .to causeoperativemovement .of the hammer.;l :two transmittinglevers:pivotally-secured -to the pivot in theblockjthe lower ends ofwhichlevers are controlled i lwhen the gun is open-by the movements Yofthe hammers, respectively, when returned into relled gun, the`combination ofa lcentrallymortised frame;-twohammersadapted to slidelongitudinally in -said central mortise; springs urging said hammersforwardly; .albarrelmember mounted on afpivotal axis on the frame;ablock movable with the barrel memberfpivoted oncsaid axis, facing thehammers` and provided withr a central nat recess bounded by parallelside planes and a rear plane surface at an 4acute Vangle to thelongitudinal axis of said b1ock,said recess opening towards the hammers;apivot inside said recess perpendicular to said parallel side planes; acam rockably vsecured to -said pivot infront of each hammer and havingya double-bevellcd inner end, the Itip of which cam lies underneath theline connecting said pivotal axis of the barrel member with said pivot,the cam .being adaptedfto be shifted through cooperation ywith the endof the corresponding hammer betweenca lower position'for which itengages through its lower bevel the angular rear'v surface of thefrecessand an upperposition for which its upper bevel engages said-angular rearsurface, thefengagement Ibetween the cam andV the-*cooperating end of-the corresponding hammer'constraining the latter 1to*V move`rearwardlyfthrough a certain length through the downwardly positionedcam upon opening of the gun and through a greater length through theupwardly positioned cam when the gun is being closed; a sear adapted toengage the hammer for holding it in its rearmost position produced bythe cam during the closing of the gun; means for releasing said sear tocause operative movement of the hammer; two transmitting leverspivotally secured to the pivot in the block, the lower ends of whichlevers are controlled when the gun is open by the movements of thehammers, respectively, when returned in their forward positions by theirsprings. ejector mechanisms for the cartridges controlled by the upperends of the transmission levers, respectively; and a cam rigid with theframe and adapted to urge the transmission levers when the gun is in itsopen position into positions so that they urge the ejecting mechanisms,respectively, slightly rearwardly.

4. In an upward tilting breech double barrelled gun, the combination ofa centrally mortised frame; two hammers adapted to slide longitudinallyin said central mortise; a barrel member mounted on a pivotal axis onthe frame; a block movable withvthe barrelmember, pivoted on said axis.facing thehammers and provided-with a -central flat recess bounded byparallel side planes and a rear plane surface at an acute 'angle to thelongitudinal axis of said block, saidvrecess opening towards thehammers; a pivot inside said recess perpendicular to said parallel sideplanes; a cam rockably securedy to said pivot in front of each hammerand having a double-bevelled inner end, the tip of which cam :liesunderneath the line connecting said pivotal axis ofthe barrel memberwith said pivot.; ytransmitting levers pivrotally secured to thepivot'inthe block; ejector mechanisms for the cartridges each controlled by theupper end of said corresponding transmission lever; va cam rigid withthe frame and adapted :to urge veach transmission lever whenthe gun is.in its'open position into a position for which it urges itsejectingmechanism slightly rearwardly; -a guiding rod rigid vwith each.hammer and adapted to engage its corresponding rocking cam and the lowerend of its corresponding-transmission lever; a spring urging said rodinto operative contact with said c am and the transmission l'ever andbearing against the frame, each rockable cam being adaptedr to beshifted through cooperation with the end of itsl corresponding hammerrod between a lower position for which it engages through its lowerbevel the angular .rear surface of the recess and an upper position ,andthe cooperating end of its corresponding hammer rod constraining thelatter to move rearwardly through a certain extent ythrough thedownwardly positioned cam upon opening of the gun and through a greaterextent through the upwardly positioned cam when the gun is being closedthe lever being shifted operatively by the vhammer rod when the latteris urged forwardly by its spring; a sear adapted to engage each hammerfor holding it in its rearmost position produced by the cam during theclosing of the gun; and means for releasing said sear to cause operativemovement of the hammer.

5. In an upward tilting breech double barrelled gun, the combination ofa centrally mortised frame, two hammers adapted to slide longitudinallyin said central mortise; springs urging said hammers forwardly; a barrelmember mounted 8 on a rpivotal axison the frame; a block movable withthe'barrel member, pivoted on said axis, facing the hammers, having anabutment adapted to bear against the corresponding front edge of vthevframe for limiting the rocking movement of theI barrel member, andprovided with a central at recess bounded by parallel side planes -andagrear plane surface -at-an acute angle to the longitudinal axis ofsaidblock, said recess opening towards the hammers; a pivot inside saidrecess perpendicular to said parallel side planes; a cam rockablysecured to said pivot in front of each hammer and having adouble-bevelled inner end, the tip of which cam lies underneath the lineconnecting saidpivotal axis of the barrel member with said pivot, eachcam being adapted to be shifted through cooperation with theend ofitscorresponding hammer between a lower position for which it engagesthrough its lower bevel the angular rear surface of the recess and anupper position for which its upper bevel engages said angular rearsurface, the engagement between the cam and the cooperating end of itscorresponding hammer constraining the latter to move rearwardly througha certain extent through the downwardly positioned rcam upon opening ofthe gun and through a greater` extent through the upwardly positionedcam when the gun is being closed; a sear adapted to engage each hammerfor holding it in its rearmost position produced by the cam during theclosing of the gun and means for releasing said sear t0 cause operativemovement of the hammer.

MAEL PAULV.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the le ofthis patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 847,659 Elder Mar. 19, 1907975,071.4 Ricketts Nov. 8, 1910 1,387,207 Stafford Aug. 9, 19212,158,149 PugsleyV May 16,1939

2,418,611 Young Apr. 8,'1947 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 836,859France Oct. 25, 193.8

